The reemerging HIV/AIDS epidemic in men who have sex with men.

SINCE THE FIRST REPORT OF AIDS IN 5 MEN WHO HAVE sex with men (MSM) from Los Angeles, MSM have accounted for a higher proportion of AIDS cases than any other group in countries such as the United States (44%), Canada (65%), and Australia (64%). Although MSM first brought human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS to the world’s attention and, even in the absence of external funding, were the first to promote risk reduction strategies, prevention efforts for MSM appear to have faltered. In this article, we examine current HIV/AIDS epidemiology in MSM, discuss why the epidemic may be re-emerging, and describe what can be done to address it. Although there is recognition and reporting of MSM with HIV/AIDS from lowincome and middle-income countries, including those in Africa and Asia where interventions for MSM are few, cultural stigma may be strong, and homosexuality may be illegal, this article is limited to industrialized countries and focuses particularly on the United States.